\u00c1 sama t\u00edma og \u00fea\u00f0 gerist enn a\u00f0 hross s\u00e9u vanf\u00f3\u00f0ru\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 off\u00f3\u00f0run og \u00fear af lei\u00f0andi offita s\u00edfellt meira vandam\u00e1l h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi sem og annars sta\u00f0ar \u00ed heiminum. \u00cdslenski hesturinn, sem talinn er til h\u00f3ps hrossakynja sem er au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 halda og f\u00f3\u00f0ra, \u00feurfti lengi vel a\u00f0 treysta \u00e1 Gu\u00f0 og gaddinn. Vi\u00f0sn\u00faningurinn yfir \u00ed a\u00f0 hafa of au\u00f0veldan a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 f\u00f3\u00f0ri hefur veri\u00f0 sn\u00f6ggur og margir sem halda hross hafa ef til vill ekki \u00e1tta\u00f0 sig n\u00f3gu flj\u00f3tt \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed. Margt getur valdi\u00f0 \u00feessu, hl\u00fdrra ve\u00f0ur og betri spretta samhli\u00f0a mikilli t\u00e6kniv\u00e6\u00f0ingu \u00ed \u00f6flun heyja sem gerir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 verkum a\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i eykst frambo\u00f0i\u00f0 og heyin eru sterkara f\u00f3\u00f0ur en \u00e1\u00f0ur var. Auk \u00feess er hestum ef til vill gefi\u00f0 of miki\u00f0. Algengt er a\u00f0 \u00fatigangshross standa \u00ed vel verku\u00f0u r\u00falluheyi alla daga \u00ed \u00fer\u00f6ngum haga, \u00fear sem \u00feau hafa hvorki t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 hreyfa sig n\u00f3g n\u00e9 \u00e9ta sinu me\u00f0. \u00cdslenskir hestar \u00feurft a\u00f0 a\u00f0lagast \u00feessari velmegun \u00e1 tilt\u00f6lulega stuttum t\u00edma, sem og \u00f6nnur hrossakyn \u00fev\u00ed ekki eru nema 10 \u00e1r fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 bandar\u00edskir d\u00fdral\u00e6knar settu fyrst fram sameiginlegt \u00e1lit \u00e1 sj\u00fakd\u00f3mnum.<\/p>\n
Berglind \u00ddr Ingvarsd\u00f3ttir rannsaka\u00f0i EMS – Equine Metabolic Syndrom, efnaskiptar\u00f6skun \u00ed hrossum, \u00ed lokaritger\u00f0 sinni til BS gr\u00e1\u00f0u vi\u00f0 Landb\u00fana\u00f0arh\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands \u00e1 Hvanneyri. Markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 var a\u00f0 gera forathugun \u00e1 umfangi EMS \u00ed hrossum h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi og voru einkennin metin sj\u00f3nr\u00e6nt vi\u00f0 eftirlit me\u00f0 velfer\u00f0 hrossa. Ekki voru \u00fe\u00f3 ger\u00f0 s\u00e9rt\u00e6k pr\u00f3f til a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa greininguna. En einkenni EMS e\u00f0a efnaskiptar\u00f6skunar hj\u00e1 hrossum eru nokku\u00f0 au\u00f0greinanleg. Einkennin eru helst offita og\/e\u00f0a sta\u00f0bundin fitus\u00f6fnun \u00e1 makka og\/e\u00f0a lend, h\u00e6kkun \u00e1 ins\u00fal\u00edni \u00ed bl\u00f3\u00f0i, \u00f3e\u00f0lileg ins\u00fal\u00ednsv\u00f6run vi\u00f0 inngj\u00f6f gl\u00fak\u00f3sa, auk h\u00f3fsperru. EMS er samheiti yfir y\u0301mis fra\u0301vik i\u0301 efnaskiptum sem auka h\u00e6ttu a\u0301 ho\u0301fsperru, en tali\u00f0 er a\u00f0 allt a\u00f0 90% tilvika ho\u0301fsperru orsakist af EMS.<\/p>\n
Markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 var einnig a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa \u00ed gr\u00f3fum dr\u00e1ttum a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um hrossa sem bers\u00fdnilega voru me\u00f0 einkenni sj\u00fakd\u00f3msins. Sendur var rafr\u00e6nn spurningalisti til d\u00fdraeftirlitsmanna og eftirlitsd\u00fdral\u00e6kna Matv\u00e6lastofnunar og var be\u00f0i\u00f0 um eitt svar fr\u00e1 hverju eftirlitsumd\u00e6mi.<\/p>\n
Einkennin eru helst offita og\/e\u00f0a sta\u00f0bundin fitus\u00f6fnun \u00e1 makka og\/e\u00f0a lend, h\u00e6kkun \u00e1 ins\u00fal\u00edni \u00ed bl\u00f3\u00f0i, \u00f3e\u00f0lileg ins\u00fal\u00ednsv\u00f6run vi\u00f0 inngj\u00f6f gl\u00fak\u00f3sa, auk h\u00f3fsperru.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u00cd ritger\u00f0inni er vitna\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fdmsar ranns\u00f3knir og kemur me\u00f0al annars fram a\u00f0 st\u00f6\u00f0ug f\u00f3\u00f0run me\u00f0 f\u00f3\u00f0ri sem inniheldur miki\u00f0 af l\u00e9ttleysanlegum sykrum dregur \u00far ins\u00fal\u00ednn\u00e6mi samanbori\u00f0 vi\u00f0 fitur\u00edkt f\u00e6\u00f0i og \u00e6tti \u00fev\u00ed almennt a\u00f0 gilda s\u00fa regla a\u00f0 innihald l\u00e9ttleysanlegra sykra \u00ed f\u00f3\u00f0ri \u00e6tti a\u00f0 vera eins l\u00edti\u00f0 og m\u00f6gulegt er fyrir hesta. Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 gefa hestinum sm\u00e6rri skammta \u00ed einu, oftar \u00e1 dag, eru meiri l\u00edkur \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00e6gt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 draga \u00far h\u00e6kkun \u00e1 ins\u00fal\u00edni \u00ed bl\u00f3\u00f0i eftir \u00e1t. Samkv\u00e6mt ranns\u00f3knum er m\u00e6lt me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 f\u00f3\u00f0ur innihaldi minna en 10-12% af l\u00e9ttleysanlegum sykrum og er stundum m\u00e6lt me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 leggja heyi\u00f0 \u00ed bleyti \u00e1\u00f0ur en \u00fea\u00f0 er gefi\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 skola l\u00e9ttleystar sykrur \u00fat. \u00de\u00f3 er h\u00e6tta \u00e1 a\u00f0 mikilv\u00e6g n\u00e6ringarefni skolist einnig \u00far f\u00f3\u00f0rinu.<\/p>\n
Me\u00f0fer\u00f0 hrossa \u00ed \u00e1h\u00e6ttuh\u00f3pi \u00e6tti a\u00f0 byggja \u00e1 breyttri f\u00f3\u00f0run og aukinni hreyfingu hrossanna sem stu\u00f0lar a\u00f0 b\u00e6ttri ins\u00fal\u00ednstj\u00f3rnun og dregur \u00far offitu. En sj\u00fakd\u00f3murinn er algengari \u00ed hrossum sem eru \u00ed l\u00edtilli \u00fej\u00e1lfun. \u00dea\u00f0 getur bent til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00e1lfunin sem sl\u00edk hafi j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0 \u00e1hrif \u00e1 ins\u00fal\u00ednstj\u00f3rnun auk \u00feess sem h\u00fan dregur \u00far l\u00edkum \u00e1 offitu.<\/p>\n
S\u00ed\u00f0slegi\u00f0 hey tali\u00f0 vera heppilegast fyrir \u00edslensk hross<\/h3>\n
\u00cd ranns\u00f3knum \u00e1 f\u00f3\u00f0run \u00edslenska hestsins sem Berglind vitnar \u00ed kemur fram a\u00f0 orku- og pr\u00f3tein\u00fearfir \u00edslenska hestsins \u00ed hv\u00edld svara til l\u00e6gstu gilda sem m\u00e6lt er me\u00f0 \u00ed f\u00f3\u00f0urlei\u00f0beiningum fyrir hross. Vi\u00f0halds\u00fe\u00f6rf \u00edslenska hestsins er \u00fev\u00ed l\u00edtil. Einnig hafa ranns\u00f3knir s\u00fdnt fram \u00e1 a\u00f0 gr\u00f3ff\u00f3\u00f0ur eigi alltaf a\u00f0 vera meiri hluti f\u00f3\u00f0urs hj\u00e1 hestum. \u00de\u00e1 hefur sl\u00e1ttut\u00edmi \u00e1hrif \u00e1 sykurinnihald \u00ed r\u00falluheyi \u00e1 \u00cdslandi og minnkar styrkur sykru \u00fev\u00ed seinna sem grasi\u00f0 er slegi\u00f0. S\u00ed\u00f0slegi\u00f0 hey er \u00fev\u00ed tali\u00f0 vera heppilegasta heyi\u00f0 fyrir \u00edslensk hross, \u00fear sem l\u00e9ttleystar sykrur eru \u00ed l\u00e1gmarki.<\/p>\n
Ekki hafa veri\u00f0 ger\u00f0ar faraldsfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegar ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 algengi efnaskiptar\u00f6skunar \u00ed hrossum h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi og \u00fev\u00ed ekki til g\u00f6gn um sl\u00edkt. Hins vegar hefur \u00feessi forathugun Berglindar sta\u00f0fest a\u00f0 sj\u00fakd\u00f3murinn er vel \u00feekktur \u00e1 \u00f6llu landinu.<\/p>\n
\u00cd lj\u00f3s kom a\u00f0 hross sem s\u00fdna einkenni sj\u00fakd\u00f3msins h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi eru oftast haldin \u00e1 \u00fatigangi \u00ed litlum hj\u00f6r\u00f0um. Berglind \u00e1lyktar a\u00f0: \u201eSju\u0301kdo\u0301murinn birtist fremur sem, einstaklingsvandama\u0301l en hjar\u00f0vandama\u0301l en a\u0301 \u00fevi\u0301 eru \u00feo\u0301 undantekningar. Mo\u0308guleg a\u0301st\u00e6\u00f0a fyrir \u00fevi\u0301 getur veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 eigendur flokki ekki hrossin si\u0301n eftir fo\u0301\u00f0ur\u00feo\u0308rfum \u00feegar hjar\u00f0irnar eru litlar e\u00f0a f\u00e6rri en 10 hross. Hross a\u0301 u\u0301tigangi eru ekki einstaklingsfo\u0301\u00f0ru\u00f0 og eru ekki i\u0301 \u00feja\u0301lfun eins og algengast er me\u00f0 hross sem haldin eru a\u0301 hu\u0301si. Vandama\u0301li\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist sjaldg\u00e6fara i\u0301 sto\u0301rum hjo\u0308r\u00f0um sem kannski endurspeglar a\u00f0 \u00fear er samkeppnin um fo\u0301\u00f0ur, hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 er beit e\u00f0a hey, meiri og \u00fevi\u0301 minni h\u00e6tta a\u0301 a\u00f0 \u00feau fitni.\u201c<\/p>\n
Athyglisvert er a\u00f0 ni\u00f0ursto\u0308\u00f0ur ko\u0308nnunarinnar benda til \u00feess a\u00f0 holdastigun getur veri\u00f0 breytileg hja\u0301 hrossum me\u00f0 einkenni insu\u0301li\u0301nro\u0308skunar. Oftast eru \u00feau feit, holdastigun 4-5, en stundum bara i\u0301 rei\u00f0hestaholdum e\u00f0a minna. \u00de\u00e1 segir: \u201eAlltaf var \u00feo\u0301 um sta\u00f0bundna fituso\u0308fnun a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a sem bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 hross sem samt eru gro\u0308nn a\u0301 si\u0301\u00f0u hafi veri\u00f0 lengi me\u00f0 sju\u0301kdo\u0301minn a\u0301 kro\u0301ni\u0301sku formi og hafa \u00fevi\u0301 grennst vegna veikindanna.\u201c<\/p>\n
Samkv\u00e6mt erlendum ranns\u00f3knum \u00fer\u00f3a eldri hross frekar me\u00f0 s\u00e9r ins\u00fal\u00ednr\u00f6skun en yngri hross og kemur \u00fea\u00f0 heim og saman vi\u00f0 \u00feau hross sem d\u00fdraeftirlitsmenn og eftirlitsd\u00fdral\u00e6knar MAST hafa s\u00e9\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00feessi einkenni. Dregin er s\u00fa \u00e1lyktun a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feau s\u00e9u minna notu\u00f0 sem rei\u00f0hestar. \u00de\u00e1 vir\u00f0ast eldri hryssur l\u00edklegri til a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3a me\u00f0 s\u00e9r ins\u00fal\u00ednr\u00f6skun en geldingar og st\u00f3\u00f0hestar h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi.<\/p>\n
\u201eAlltaf var \u00feo\u0301 um sta\u00f0bundna fituso\u0308fnun a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a sem bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 hross sem samt eru gro\u0308nn a\u0301 si\u0301\u00f0u hafi veri\u00f0 lengi me\u00f0 sju\u0301kdo\u0301minn a\u0301 kro\u0301ni\u0301sku formi og hafa \u00fevi\u0301 grennst vegna veikindanna.\u201c<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
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\u00ddmis r\u00e1\u00f0 til a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir efnaskiptar\u00f6skun \u00ed hrossum<\/h3>\n
A\u00f0 lokum segir \u00ed ritger\u00f0 Berglindar: \u201eEigendur \u00feurfa a\u00f0 vera me\u00f0vita\u00f0ir um fo\u0301\u00f0ur\u00fearfir hrossa, ekki si\u0301st \u00feeirra sem haldin eru a\u0301 u\u0301tigangi. Offo\u0301\u00f0run getur veri\u00f0 h\u00e6ttuleg og \u00fea\u0301 se\u0301rstaklega ef hross hafa o\u0301takmarka\u00f0an a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 grasi me\u00f0 ha\u0301u innihaldi sykra, eins og gjarnan ver\u00f0ur fyrrihluta sumars. Hross \u00feurfa hreyfingu, einkum \u00feau sem ekki eru i\u0301 mikilli framlei\u00f0slu, \u00fe.e. o\u0308nnur en fylfullar e\u00f0a mjo\u0301lkandi hryssur. Verkefnalausir geldingar og geldar hryssur eru i\u0301 mestri h\u00e6ttu a\u0301 a\u00f0 fitna og \u00fear me\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fero\u0301a me\u00f0 se\u0301r sju\u0301kdo\u0301minn.<\/p>\n
H\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 koma i\u0301 veg fyrir efnaskiptaro\u0308skun i\u0301 hrossum me\u00f0 \u00fevi\u0301 a\u00f0:<\/p>\n
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- Flokka og fo\u0301\u00f0ra hross a\u0301 u\u0301tigangi eftir fo\u0301\u00f0ur\u00feo\u0308rfum og fo\u0301\u00f0ra i\u0301 samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0.<\/li>\n
- Halda rei\u00f0hestum i\u0301 go\u0301\u00f0ri \u00feja\u0301lfun st\u00e6rsta hluta a\u0301rsins.<\/li>\n
- G\u00e6ta \u00feess a\u00f0 hross fitni ekki um of og fari ekki yfir holdastig 4, sem \u00feo\u0301 er a\u0301s\u00e6ttanlegt og jafnvel nau\u00f0synlegt fyrir u\u0301tigangshross a\u00f0 hausti.\u201c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Auka \u00fearf uppl\u00fdsingar um sj\u00fakd\u00f3minn og kanna umfang hans<\/h3>\n
\u00cd samtali vi\u00f0 Hestamennsku<\/em> sag\u00f0ist Berglind \u00ddr alltaf hafa veri\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0in \u00ed a\u00f0 fjalla um \u00edslenska hestinn \u00feegar kom a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 skrifa lokaritger\u00f0 \u00ed n\u00e1minu. \u201eSpurningin var bara hva\u00f0 \u00e9g vildi skrifa um. M\u00e9r \u00fe\u00f3tti \u00e1hugavert a\u00f0 skrifa um f\u00f3\u00f0run hrossa og endanlega ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an var a\u00f0 skrifa um efnaskiptar\u00f6skun \u00ed hrossum af v\u00f6ldum off\u00f3\u00f0runar. Ekki er vita\u00f0 miki\u00f0 um algengi sj\u00fakd\u00f3msins h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi en \u00fea\u00f0 getur veri\u00f0 vegna \u00feess hversu erfitt getur veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 skilgreina kl\u00edn\u00edsk tilfelli. Ein lei\u00f0in til auka uppl\u00fdsingar um sj\u00fakd\u00f3minn h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi kanna umfang hans og koma fram me\u00f0 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur \u00far erlendum ranns\u00f3knum sem n\u00fdtast til uppl\u00fdsingagjafar.<\/p>\n
Upphaflega hugmyndin var s\u00fa a\u00f0 n\u00e1 a\u00f0 komast \u00ed hjar\u00f0ir og holdastiga hross og kanna \u00feannig umfang sj\u00fakd\u00f3msins h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi en ekki vannst n\u00e6gur t\u00edmi \u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 svo forathugun hj\u00e1 d\u00fdral\u00e6knum og eftirlitsm\u00f6nnum Matv\u00e6lastofnunar var loka ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an. \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri \u00fev\u00ed mj\u00f6g fr\u00f3\u00f0legt verkefni a\u00f0 n\u00e1 a\u00f0 holdastiga fj\u00f6lda hrossa, \u00ed mismunandi a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um og kanna umfang sj\u00fakd\u00f3msins \u00e1 \u00feann h\u00e1tt.<\/p>\n
\u00c1n \u00feess a\u00f0 fullyr\u00f0a neitt \u00fe\u00e1 grunar mig a\u00f0 margir telji \u00fea\u00f0 frekar vandam\u00e1l ef hesturinn \u00feeirra er of magur, heldur en of feitur, b\u00e6\u00f0i flokkast \u00feetta undir vandam\u00e1l sem \u00fearf a\u00f0 huga a\u00f0. \u00dear kemur holdastigunarskalinn einmitt sterkur inn, \u00e9g m\u00e6li me\u00f0 a\u00f0 allir sem haldi hross tileinki s\u00e9r hann. \u00c9g tel \u00fea\u00f0 alveg nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 flokka \u00fatigangshrossin \u00ed st\u00f3rum hj\u00f6r\u00f0um eftir aldri og reyna a\u00f0 komast sem mest hj\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hross eigi \u00e1 h\u00e6ttu a\u00f0 f\u00e1 efnaskiptar\u00f6skun. Ungvi\u00f0i\u00f0 vill oft ver\u00f0a \u00fatundan \u00e1 gj\u00f6f og \u00feau eldri taka yfir me\u00f0 \u00feeim aflei\u00f0ingum sem \u00fea\u00f0 getur haft \u00ed f\u00f6r me\u00f0 s\u00e9r, b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00feau yngri og eldri.\u201c<\/p>\n
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Hestamennska<\/em> hvetur alla hestamenn til a\u00f0 lesa ritger\u00f0 Berglindar \u00ed heild sinni. H\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 n\u00e1lgast hana \u00e1 skemman.is<\/a><\/p>\n
Holdstigunarkvar\u00f0i<\/a> hrossa hj\u00e1 MAST<\/p>\n
Einnig er bent \u00e1 mj\u00f6g g\u00f3\u00f0a og fr\u00f3\u00f0lega (nokku\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0ilega) grein hj\u00e1 Equus Magazine<\/a><\/em> um sykrur \u00ed grasi. \u00dear kemur m.a. fram a\u00f0 h\u00e6ttulegt getur reynst fyrir hross sem eru \u00ed h\u00e6ttu \u00e1 a\u00f0 f\u00e1 EMS e\u00f0a eru komin me\u00f0 sj\u00fakd\u00f3minn a\u00f0 vera \u00e1 sn\u00f6ggri beit, \u00fear sem mestar sykrur eru \u00ed st\u00f6nglinum en ekki \u00ed bl\u00f6\u00f0unum. Einnig kemur fram a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 skiptir m\u00e1li \u00e1 hva\u00f0a t\u00edma dags hrossunum er beitt og \u00e1 hva\u00f0a t\u00edma \u00e1rs, vor og haust \u00feegar gr\u00f6s eru a\u00f0 falla.<\/p>\n